Equipment Operation in the Cementing Industry - Part (1)
Details
OUTLINE
1 – Sampling
Sampling defined
Functions of Sensors.
Interpolation
Frequency of sampling.
Factors affect the Quality of the information delivered:
o Sample Quality.
o Sampling Efficiency.
o Quality of the measuring.
o Quality of the Sensor.
Filtering out noise.
Influence of measurements on operation
2 – Shell Temperature Profile
Shell temperature measurement.
Items involved in shell temperature measurement.
What is the shell temperature function of?
Factors that can be excluded while measuring kiln shell temp.
Factors that can lower temperature measured by the scanner.
Different Temperature Displays.
Interpretation and diagnosis
3 – Cooler Grate Speed
How the grate speed affects the clinker bed height
Effects of grate speed increase on:
o Clinker bed Height.
o Cooler exit Clinker temp.
o Secondary air temp.
o Kiln feed end Exit air.
o Cooler vent air temp.
o Cooler Vent air Rate in Nm3.h.
o Under grate pressure.
o Preheater exit gas temp.
o Distance from Hood to Neutral Pressure point.
Control of undergrate pressure by grate 1 speed
Coupling of grates 2 & 3 speeds to grate 1.
4 – Cooler Vent Fan
Excess Air to be Extracted Nm3/h = Cooling air Nm3/h – Combustion Air Nm3/h.
= Blown Air Flow – (Secondary+ Tertiary) air flow
Role of the Cooler Vent Fan.
Effect of the vent air damper settings on:
- The air flows.
- Cooler vent air temp.
- The location of the neutral pressure point.
- The secondary and tertiary air temperatures.
- Firing hood leakage air flow rate.
- The firing hood pressure.
How the firing hood pressure is regulated by the cooler vent air fan.
Positioning of the cooler vent damper for a desired flow rate.
5 – Cooler Supply Air Fan
Functions of Cooling Air Fans.
How the Fans affect combustion, quenching and Cooling?
The effects of Air Supply Rate increase on:
o Cooler exit Clinker temp.
o Kiln Hood pressure.
o Cooler Vent Flow rate.
o Sec. Air Temp.
o Sec. Air Volumetric Flow rate.
Definition of both Air Flow Density & Specific Air Flow.
Air Flow Rate Control to suit production rate.
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